Ben Hur A Classical World Film That Represents The...

Introduction to Essay The movie, Ben-Hur is a classical world film that represents the ancient Roman civilization. The film was directed by William Wyler as an epic historical drama movie in 1959. The main cast features Charlton Heston who plays the role of Judah Ben-Hur, Stephen Boyd as Messala, Jack Hawkins as Quintus Arrius, Haya Harareet as Esther and Hugh Griffith as Sheik Ilderim (Wallace 5). The plot idea pegs back to the beginning of the 1st century where a merchant and a rich Jewish prince, Judah Ben-Hur lives in Jerusalem. His old childhood friend, Messala arrives with the Governor as the Roman Legions serving commander Officer. The old friends are happy and enthusiastic to meet after a long time. However, their political views and ideals are different and hence separate them. At the governor’s welcome parade, a tile from Ben-Hur’s house accidentally falls down and injures the governor. Messala knows the innocence of Ben-Hur to the awful accident but decides to punish him and his family. Messala throws Ben-Hur’s sister and mother to prison whilst he is sent to the galleys. Ben-Hur swears that he was going to revenge and claim freedom for the people from the Roman rule (Wyke 19). This paper will draw analysis of the film in the view of its genre, plot, themes and contexts from the movie itself and various scholarly articles. The film will be analysed drawing lessons and historical contexts of the Roman Empire and the 1st Century. Lastly, this paper will offer an

History of Ballet Essay - 1083 Words

The History of Ballet The first experience of watching a ballet, for me or any little girl, can be fascinating and exhilarating. Wondering how a dancer can be so steady on her toes as she spins in circles and leaps through the air. Watching a ballet, there is a feeling of wanting to be graceful, as well as the warm sensation felt by a little girl as she slips into dream land. My mom had taken me to my first ballet when I was 11 years old. When we returned home home, she signed me up for classes at the local dance center. The expectations to become a prima ballerina would involve much hard work and concentration. I knew when I started it would take years of steady practice and commitment. Learning the history of ballet and the famous†¦show more content†¦The repertoire includes such classics as Tchaikovsky‘s quot;Eugene Oneginquot; and quot;Swan Lakequot; and works by Mozart, Verdi and Rossini. Other popular productions are Massenet‘s ballet quot;Manonquot; and the operas quot;Don Juan quot; by Mozart, quot;War and Peacequot; by Prokofiev and Wagner‘s quot;Das Rheingoldquot;. The latest productions are Tchaikovsky‘s quot;The Nutcrackerquot; Puccini‘s quot;La Bohemequot; and Verdi‘s quot;Macbethquot;. The most famous Russian ballet companies are; Tatchkine, St. Petersburg, Bolshoi companies just to name a few of the most famous. The history of ballet dates back to the 18th century starting with Baroque dance. Fabritio Caroso da Sermoneta was a famous Italian Renaissance dancing master. He was born around 1526-1535 and died around 1605-1620. His dance manual quot;Ballarinoquot; was published in 1581, with a subsequent edition, significantly different, Nobiltà   de dame, printed in 1600 and again after his death in 1630. In the 19th century there was the pre-romantic, romantic and the classical ballets. Anthony Tudor deserves an honorable mention for his choreography and teaching. Pre-romantic ballet occurred sometime circa up to 1831. The romantic period covered the early to mid 1800s. This era also introduced the calf-length dress. A few of the great Romantic dancers were Marie Taglioni, Fanny Elssler and Carlotta Grisi. The tequnique became more developed, but the roleShow MoreRelatedHistory of Ballet Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesBallet is one of the most beautiful, graceful dances known to the dancing world. From the tutu to the pointe shoes the need to see the expression of the steps given. Being able to see how the illusion of a flying princess is one of the most mysteries that come with a ballet show. The history of Ballet has evolved into one of the most well-known type of dances in the world this is from only the men having roles in the ballet to women being able to express emotion. History Then: Ballet started inRead MoreLHistoire de La Danse Classique/History of Ballet2227 Words   |  9 PagesHistory of Ballet Ballet is a formalized form of dance with its origins in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th and 16th centuries. It quickly spread to the French court of Catherine de Medici where it was developed even further. In the 17th century at the time of Louis XIV, ballet was codified. The predominance of French in the vocabulary of ballet reflects this history. It also became a form closely associated with the opera. Ballet then spread from the heart of Europe to other nationsRead MoreThe Russian Dance And Ballet1655 Words   |  7 Pages The history of Russian dance and ballet is extraordinarily complex. The Russians have always enjoyed dance; they were dancing for entertainment and ritual before they were even introduced to Christianity. However, the start of their most culturally significant form of dance, ballet, did not start until 1675 in a small town near Moscow (The Great History 11). Since its humble beginnings, ballet’s evolution in Russia has exploded. Most notably , its growth can be seen through two world famous theaters:Read MoreThe Identity Of Capoeira And Ballet Dance1097 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay sets out to show how the identity of capoeira and ballet dance has been encompassed within multiple different countries. The historical themes of globalisation and adaptation will prove to deepen ones understanding into the history of ballet and capoeira dance. Through the classification of Ballet and Capoeira dance the cultural traditions of the dance styles will be projected. Haskell explains the significance of the word ‘classical’, â€Å"it implies a set of rules that are rigid, that haveRead MoreThe Birth And Evolution Of Ballet1691 Words   |  7 PagesCavazzi Dance 64 - History of Dance 22 Aug 2014 The Evolution of Ballet The birth and evolution of ballet is indeed a fascinating study. Since its early origins in fifteenth century Italian court, ballet has undergone a succession of changes and been influenced by gifted artists and choreographers alike, whose unique styles and innovative techniques left their indelible mark on the classic art form. Beginning with the Renaissance and continuing through the Romantic Era, ballet evolved as each politicalRead MoreThe Baroque Of Baroque Dance962 Words   |  4 Pagesevolution of ballet. There are many influences that are part of the process, such as the why baroque was created and the purpose that baroque dancing served in cultural context. There was an important shift in history that engaged people to want to move and it is an important subject to be studied. Baroque dance was quite different from the social dancing we experience today. There are different layers to baroque dance and different contributors that created a historical permanence in the ballet genre weRead MoreThe Opening Of The Imperial Ballet School1500 Words   |  6 PagesAfter the Romantic-era ballet had died out in Paris and Russia became the new focus. In 1738, the opening of the Imperial Ballet School in St. Petersburg attracted many great dancers and choreographers such as Marie Taglioni. This school was controlled by an aristocrat named Czar. The most well known 19th century choreographer, Marius Petipa, became the ballet master of the entire school, shaping imperial and classical ballet. Ideas such as increased focus on technique, formulaic choreographyRead MoreCompare and Contrast Chinese Classical Dance and European Classical Ballet.932 Words   |  4 Pagesdance and European Classical ballet. Introduction: The main topic of my research paper is comparing and contrasting the difference between Chinese Classical dance and European Classical ballet. The questions I will develop in the paper included as follows. The first one is the difference of movement between Chinese classical dance and European Classical ballet. The second one is the difference of performance between Chinese classical dance and European Classical ballet. The third one is the differenceRead MoreThe History of Dance in Canada Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesis the grace, artistry, and classicality and precision that distinguishes ballet from other dance styles. People have danced for many different reasons such a religious, entertainment, tribal rituals, exercise or to simply to express something that cannot find voice in words. For as long as people inhabited Canada, there has been dance and it has subsequently played a role throughout Canadian history. In Canada dance history began with indigenous dance of First Nations Peoples, but with the arrivalRead MoreWhat Is The Significance Of The Swan Lake Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesTchaikovsky’s masterpiece in Swan Lake is easily one of the most famous ballets created but was it always that way? In fact, when first performed Swan Lake was unsuccessful and called â€Å"uninspiring and unoriginal† (Thought.co). This came as a shock to me; how could such a highly regarded classical masterpiece today be called uninspired? The ballet has come very far in its lifetime. It was originally mocked and now it has influenced ballet, music, and literature. It is difficult to understand how Swan

Smoking Profile and Emotional Intelligence of CLSU Smokers Essay Sample free essay sample

Tobacco usage is a first subscriber to deceases from persistent and chronic diseases. There are 10 Filipinos who die every hr due to the wellness hazards caused by coffin nail smoke. In malice of the Torahs forbiding coffin nail advertizements. a figure of immature tobacco users have continued to turn. It appears to be upseting that tobacco users tend to be acquiring younger. Harmonizing to Everett ( 2002 ) of the Office on Smoking and Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. bulk of pupils aged 16 old ages and older ( 60. 4 % ) reported to hold smoked a whole coffin nail. and 11. 1 % initiated smoke at the age 10 or younger. Furthermore. age of smoking induction was significantly related to current frequent smoke. day-to-day smoke and whether pupils had of all time smoked daily. A younger age of smoking induction was associated with smoking more coffin nails per twenty-four hours that was originating at an older age. Many surveies had been already conducted with respects to cigarette smoke. Exposure to cigarette advertisement and holding a comrade who smoked was prognostic of current smoke position ( G. Botvin. Goldberg. Botvin A ; Dusenbury. 1993 ) . Adolescents with high exposure to cigarette advertisement were significantly to be tobacco users. Students who live in families with tobacco users were more likely to smoke. but parental disapproval of smoke was associated with a lower smoke rate ( Martini A ; Sulistyowati. 2004 ) . In add-on. harmonizing to Da Silva Pinto and Aparecida Ribeiro ( 2007 ) . the undermentioned factors were related with smoking induction and current smoke: wonder. presence of tobacco users as societal contacts. non being praised for non smoking. and comprehending oneself as holding hapless or mean scholastic public presentation. With respects to scholastic public presentation specifically. the consequence showed that the pupils who reported norm or below mean scholastic public presentation were more predisposed to the generation and care of the smoke wont. Furthermore. in footings of cognitive province of pupils. it is found that nicotine consumption could increase watchfulness and knowledge. Personalit y on the other manus besides considers a great forecaster to utilize coffin nail fume. These personality dimensions are extroversion ( E ) . amenity ( A ) . conscientiousness ( C ) . neurosis or deficiency of emotional-stability ( N ) . and openness to Experience ( O ) . Extraversion is characterized as being energetic. chatty. sociable ; amenity is characterized as being friendly. swearing. generous. and tolerant ; conscientiousness is considered as being cautious. orderly. reliable. graceful. and responsible ; neurosis is characterized as being terse. dying. and emotionally-unstable ; openness is considered to be inventive. and focused on wisdom. art. cognition. and objectiveness ( Friedman A ; Schustack. 2003 ; Goldberg. 1990 ; McCrae A ; John. 1992 ) . From this background. the research worker wants to find the smoke profile of the respondents and find the degree of emotional intelligence ( self-awareness. self motive. pull offing emotions and empathy ) of CLSU tobacco user pupils. It besides aims to cognize the important relationship between socio-demographic features ( age. twelvemonth degree. hebdomadal allowance and figure of household members ) and smoking profile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. money spend for smoke ( day-to-day ) . trade name of coffin nail. beginning of coffin nail. activities while smoking. topographic points where smoke. tempers that triggers smoking. clip of smoke. comrades when smoke. figure of sibling who smoke. parents who smoke. figure Of friends who smoke and their grounds of smoking ) of the CLSU tobacco user pupils in footings of their emotional intelligence occur. It besides aims to cognize the important relationship between difference in gender. academic position and beginnings of coffin nails of the CLSU tobacco user pupils in footings of their emotional intelligence exists. Review of Related Literature This portion of the research contains related literatures about smoke. It includes research findings that show how age and gender are associated with smoking behaviour. Besides. the factors act uponing smoking behaviour was discussed. In add-on. the ulterior portion shows the association between smoking and scholastic public presentation. Socio-demographic characteristic and Cigarette smoke Age and Cigarette smoke. Based on the research conducted by Das. Ghosh. Sarkar. Joardar. Chatterjee and Chaterjee ( 2011 ) ; the function of different factors that are related with induction and continuance of adolescent smoke between the age groups of 14 and 19 old ages was found to be well influenced with holding seen best friend. male parent. sibling or even favourite film star fume and besides with having pocket money. The consequence has the prevalence of 21. 58 % of coffin nail smoke among early tobacco users. A new study reveals that 14 per centum of 13 to 15-year-old pupils around the universe presently smoke coffin nails. In add-on. the study found that about 25 per centum of pupils who smoke tried their first coffin nail by the age of 10 and that most immature tobacco users want to discontinue. Meanwhile. on a survey with the smoke surcease in immature grownups: age at induction of coffin nail smoke. consequences showed that the possibly of surcease was significantly higher in tobacco users who initiated smoke after age of 13. The hazard ratio for discontinuing associated with smoking induction at ages 14 to 16. The hazard ratio for discontinuing related with smoking induction at ages 14 to 16 was 1. 6 and with induction at or after age 17 was 2. 0. compared with induction at or before 13 old ages of age. Factors that decreased the chance of surcease were nicotine dependance and low instruction ( N. Breslau and E. L. Peterson. 1996 ) . Gender and Cigarette smoke. In most of the universe. being male is the greatest forecaster than female for baccy usage. with overall prevalence about four times higher among work forces than adult females globally ( 48 % versus 12 % ) . The Global Youth Tobacco Survey ( 2002 ) . nevertheless. show that misss are smoking about every bit much as immature male childs and that misss and male childs are utilizing non-cigarette baccy merchandises such as spit baccy and H2O pipes at similar rates. Academic Performance/Grades and Cigarette Smoking. Smoke is strongly correlated with academic public presentation. Harmonizing to the survey conducted by Washington State Healthy Youth Survey ( 2002 ) . pupils who earn better classs are less likely to smoke. The study found that among 8th grade pupils who received most D or F classs. 23. 7 % were tobacco users. Among the C pupils. 13. 9 were tobacco users. 8. 2 % of pupils describing largely B classs were tobacco users and among the A pupils. 3. 9 % were tobacco users. In add-on. a 2000 survey in Nicotine and Tobacco Research reported that more than 40 % of male tobacco users were suspended or dropped out of school. The IQ was non significantly different in the 3rd class for those pupils who became tobacco users and those who did non. The Harvard College Alcohol Study found that tobacco users are 27. 0 % less likely than nonsmokers to hold an above B class norm which is tobacco users have lower grade point norm than nonsmokers ( Rigotti. 2000 ) . In add-on. day-to-day tobacco users were found to hold even lower GPAs than bad drinkers ( Halperin and Eytan. 2000 ) . Peer Influences and Smoking Exposing of coffin nail smoke of equal. comrade or member of a household who engaged on smoke would be large factors that can act upon the immature tobacco users ( G. J. Botvin. C. J. Goldberg. E. M. Botvin A ; L Dusenbury. 1993 ) . Peer smoke was most strongly related to single smoke position ( Ogawa. Tominaga and Gellert. 1988 ) . Hinse ( 1998 ) discovered that pupils who smoked merely on occasion reported to experience popular and braver when smoke. It besides reported that they did non experience socially outcast. Based on the survey of Rodrigues and Audrain-McGovern ( 2003 ) . striplings with decreasing or fickle engagement in smoking were about three times more likely than striplings with high engagement to be current tobacco users in 11th class. The consequence besides indicated that nonwhites were at peculiar hazard for diminishing and unpredictable forms of engagement in smoke. Personality and Cigarette Smoking Surveies of smoker’s personality have a long and controversial history. Smokers are likely to be more extrospective. tense. and dying and have more antisocial features than nonsmokers. However. the strength of the relationship between personality and smoke is weak. likely because tobacco users are non a homogenous group ( Patton D. Barnes GE and Murray RP. 1997 ) . Traits and Cigarette Smoking Extraversion. Extrovert people are considered to be more prone to baccy usage. Peoples who are extremely extroverted are peculiarly inclined to prosecute in multiple. hazardous wellness behaviours such as smoke and imbibing ( Vollrath. M. . A ; Torgersen. S. ( 2002 ) . Williams. Siegler. suggested that kids who showed marks of extraversion at ages from 5 to 8 were more likely to imbibe 20 old ages subsequently. Peoples who were measured early in life and later began smoking were more esthesis seeking. and were socially extroverted while in college ( Lipkus et al. . 1994 ) . Emotional Stability. Peoples who are prone to negative tempers. such as unhappiness and anxiousness tend to smoke. Most tobacco users learn to utilize coffin nails as a manner to cover with emphasis. Smoke can deflect a individual from his or her problems. Because smoke is frequently a societal activity. some people find that illuming a coffin nail brings to mind feelings of group support. This can soothe people in times of emphasis. In add-on. an addicted tobacco user will experience better after smoking because it relieves nicotine backdown symptoms ( Moffitt. 2000 ) . Curiosity. Curiosity of the tobacco user may be a critical mark to smoke. Logistic arrested development showed wonder and susceptibleness to smoke were independently associated with increased hereafter smoke in all neer tobacco users ( John P. Pierce. Janet M. Distefan. Robert M. Kaplan. Elizabeth A. Gilpin. 2004 ) . Summary of Review Related Literature Population of coffin nail tobacco users presents is continously turning. Assorted researches have been made to look for the possible causes. Every person has his ain ground for prosecuting himself to cigarette smoke. Surveies found that the factors act uponing college pupils in coffin nail smoke are in the functions of smoking-related beliefs. and parent and peer psychosocial factors as ancestors and effects of adolescent smoking surcease. And the large factors that can act upon the immature tobacco users are by exposing of coffin nail smoke of equal. comrade or member of a household who engaged on smoke. Furthermore. with respects to cigarette smoke and classs. pupils who earn better classs are less likely to smoke. In add-on. day-to-day tobacco users were found to hold even lower GPAs than bad drinkers. Smoke is strongly correlated with academic public presentation. Harmonizing to the survey conducted by Washington State Healthy Youth Survey ( 2002 ) . pupils who earn better classs are less likely to smoke. Sing to the students’ behaviour and academic public presentation. bulk of the survey found out that. smoke was significantly related to high absence rates. low achievement trial tonss. and low class point norms during simple school old ages. prior to the oncoming of smoke. Findingss showed that equal smoke was most strongly related to single smoke position. In add-on. functions of smoking-related beliefs. parents and peer psychosocial factors as ancestors and effects of immature people smoking expiration. In add-on. consequence indicated that tobacco users who subsequently quit smoking were different from those who continued to smoke. Furthermore. pupils who smoked merely on occasion. experience that they are popular and braver when they are smoking and did non experience socially outcast. Besides. study found that about 25 per centum of pupils who smoke tried their first coffin nail by the age of 10 and that most immature tobacco users want to discontinue. Furthermore. tobacco users are likely to be more extrospective. tense. and dying and have more antisocial features than nonsmokers. However. the strength of the relationship between personality and smoke is weak. likely because tobacco users are non a homogenous group ( Patton D. Barnes GE and Murray RP. 1997 ) . In footings of the traits that trigger tobacco users to smoke. harmonizing to Pierce. Distefan. Kaplan. Gilpin. ( 2004 ) wonder of the tobacco user may be a critical mark to smoke. Logistic arrested development showed wonder and susceptibleness to smoke were independently associated with increased hereafter smoke in all neer tobacco users. Statement of the Problem This survey deals with the smoke profile and emotional intelligence of college pupils. Particularly. it aimed to reply the undermentioned inquiry: 1. What are the smoke profile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. money spend for smoke. trade name of coffin nail. beginning of coffin nail. activities while smoking. topographic points where smoke. tempers that triggers smoking. clip of smoke. comrades when smoke. figure of sibling who smoke. parents who smoke. figure of friends who smoke grounds of smoke and their negative and positive experiences ) of CLSU tobacco user pupils? 2. What is the degree of emotional intelligence ( self-awareness. self motive. pull offing emotions and empathy ) of CLSU tobacco user pupils? 3. Is there a important relationship between socio-demographic features ( age. hebdomadal allowance and figure of siblings ) of CLSU tobacco user and their emotional intelligence? Is there a important relationship between their smoke prof ile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. figure of siblings fumes. figure of friends’ fumes and sum of money spend for coffin nail ) and their emotional intelligence? 4. Is there a important difference in gender. male parent and female parent who smoke ; beginning of coffin nail and academic position of the CLSU tobacco user pupils in footings of their emotional intelligence? Research Hypothesis1. The research worker characterizes the smoking profile such as age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. money spend for smoke ( day-to-day ) . trade name of coffin nail. beginning of coffin nail. activities while smoking. topographic points where smoke. tempers that triggers smoking. clip of smoke. comrades when smoke. figure of sibling who smoke. parents who smoke. figure Of friends who smoke and their grounds of smoke. 2. The research worker assumed that the degrees of emotional intelligence ( self-awareness. self motive. pull offing emotions and empathy ) of college pupils who are engage in coffin nail smoke are low. 3. There is a important relationship between socio-demographic features ( age. hebdomadal allowance and figure of household members ) CLSU tobacco user pupils with that of their emotional intelligence. This is besides the same with their smoke profile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours . figure of siblings fumes. figure of friends’ fumes and sum of money spend for coffin nail ) and emotional intelligence. 4. There is a important difference in gender. male parent and female parent who smoke ; beginning of coffin nail and academic position of the CLSU tobacco user pupils in footings of their emotional intelligence. Significance of the Study This survey aims to find the degree of Emotional Intelligence of the pupil tobacco users in Central Luzon State University. Determining the emotional intelligence of college pupils who are engaged in coffin nail smoke is of import. The survey could function as a tool for assisting persons on avoiding smoke. Once the degree of emotional intelligence bunchs that might be related to smoke was determined. it may assist others to supervise theirs and can modify it if they think it can somehow take them to smoking. In add-on. through this survey. the university would be informed with respects to the smoke profile of its pupils. In add-on. this survey could be a mean in supplying better apprehension of the behaviour of persons towards coffin nail smoke. This survey is relevant in the Philippines since today one of the issues that the Department of Health is seeking to decide is cigarette smoke. Scope and RestrictionThe present survey focuses on the smoke profile and emotional intelligence of Central Luzon State University ( CLSU ) college pupils. This survey was limited to the college pupils who are engaged in coffin nail smoke and are presently enrolled in CLSU. In general. this survey describes the smoke profile and their emotional intelligence. Theoretical ModelThis survey utilized emotional intelligence theory of Daniel Goleman. Goleman ( 1998 ) listed five constituents of emotional intelligence that an effectual single exhibits: ego consciousness. pull offing emotion. self direction. empathy and societal accomplishment. Self consciousness means holding a deep apprehension of one’s emotion. strength and failings. every bit good as their on others. Pull offing emotion is the ability to command or airt riotous urges. to believe before moving. Self direction is defined as a passion to work for grounds that go beyond money or position. Empathy is the ability to understand the emotional make-up of the other people. Social accomplishment. the concluding constituent. is proficiency in pull offing relationship and edifice webs. with ability to happen common land and construct resonance. The theory was chosen in understanding the survey since the research worker assumes that the degrees of emotional intelligence of the college student’s tobacco user have a relationship with their smoke profile. Conceptual ModelChiefly. this survey aims to find the socio-demographic feature. smoking profile and emotional intelligence of CLSU collegepupils who are engaged in coffin nail smoke. The conceptual paradigm shows the relationship of variables. The independent variables are the socio-demographic features ( age. hebdomadal allowance and figure of household members ) and the smoke profile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. money spend for smoke. trade name of coffin nail. beginning of coffin nail. activities while smoking. topographic points where smoke. tempers that triggers smoking. clip of smoke. comrades when smoke. figure of sibling who smoke. parents who smoke. figure of friends who smoke and their grounds of smoking ) of the participants which have a relationship to emotional intelligence ( self-awareness. self motive. pull offing emotions and empathy ) . Conceptual Paradigm Fig. 1. Conceptual paradigm shows the relationship of the socio-demographic features of the respondents ( age. twelvemonth degree. hebdomadal allowance and figure of household member ) and their smoke profile age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. money spend for smoke ( day-to-day ) . trade name of coffin nail. beginning of coffin nail. activities while smoking. topographic points where smoke. tempers that triggers smoking. clip of smoke. comrades when smoke. figure of sibling who smoke. parents who smoke. figure Of friends who smoke and their grounds of smoke are assumed to hold relationship on their emotional intelligence ( self-awareness. self direction. pull offing emotions and empathy ) . MethodologyParticipantsOne hundred 19 ( 119 ) pupils in Central Luzon State University of S. Y. 2011-2012 were selected through Purposive Sampling. This survey was limited merely with the pupils who are engaged on smoke. The average age of the participants of this survey is 19. 83. On the other manus. the age in which the respondents started smoke has a mean of 14. 88. Instrument The research worker used a questionnaire composed of three parts. The first portion was composed of the socio-demographic features of the respondents ( participant’s age. hebdomadal allowance. figure of household member ) and their smoke profile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nail per twenty-four hours. money spend for smoke. trade name of coffin nail. beginning of coffin nail. activities while smoking. topographic points where smoke. tempers that triggers smoking. clip of smoke. comrades when smoke. figure of sibling who smoke. parents who smoke. figure Of friends who smoke and their grounds of smoking ) . The 2nd portion includes points about their smoke pofile ( as to how they smoke. when they smoke. where they smoke. and with whom they smoke ) . This is answerable by multiple responses. The 3rd portion measured the respondents’ emotional intelligence. This subtest is a questionnaire developed by Lupdag ( 2001 ) . The usage of the questionnaire was approved by the writer. The points were answered utilizing the undermentioned graduated table: SD = Strongly DisagreeD =DisagreeN =I can non state anythingA =AgreeSA =Strongly AgreeData Gathering ProcedureThe research worker used purposive sampling to look for college pupil who are presently enrolled at Central Luzon State University for the School Year 2011-2012. and who admitted to be cigarette tobacco users. Selected pupils were asked foremost for their consent and engagement. After the credence of the petition. the research worker gave the study questionnaire to the respondents for assemblage of the information. Data Analysis Descriptive statistics ( agencies. frequences and per centums ) were used to find the smoke profile every bit good as the emotional intelligence of the respondents. To prove if important relationships between variables occur. Pearson Correlation was used. On the other manus. T-test and Analysis of Variance ( ANOVA ) was used to find if important differences between and among variables occur. Consequences and Discussion This portion of the survey shows the consequences and reading of the informations gathered with respects to the smoke profile and emotional intelligence of CLSU pupils smokers’ . The first portion of the consequence and treatment includes the socio demodraphic feature of CLSU pupil tobacco users. The 2nd portion discusses the smoke profile of CLSU pupil tobacco users. Following to it is the treatment of the degree of emotional intelligence of CLSU tobacco users. It is so followed by the consequence of the trial of difference and the treatment of socio demographic features ( gender and academic position ) and smoking profile ( if parents are smoking ) in footings of the emotional intelligence. The last portion is the trial of relationship and the treatment of the relationship of smoking profile ( age when smoke started. figure of coffin nails. figure of friends who smoke and amount spend for coffin nail ) and emotional intelligence.

Social Media Marketing and Fashion Industry †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Social Media Marketing and Fashion Industry. Answer: Introduction Social media has been an emerging as well as evolving platform since the last few years. It has enabled the brand recognition and helped fashion designers get popularity in the industry of fashion, and at the same time contributing to the consumers and companies. In modern days, the fashion industry has adopted the mobile application technique in order to market themselves on the social media to a huge extent. Being a public form, social media helps in promoting transparency, which in turn helps in fetching the consumer feedback. In this era of Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Pinterest, promoting fashion brand applications have become a lot easier (Andzulis, Panagopoulos Rapp, 2012). Objectives The report throws light on the consumer experience analysis and the social media marketing for mobile app in fashion industry. The recent developments in the social media help the customers to follow and anticipate the upcoming fashion styles and trends, even before the brands enter the offline market. Traditional promotion tools include the public relations and advertisements done by the companies, in order to reach to its customers. Public Relations help the fashion designer to interact with the publics and analyze their experience. With the advent of the social media, this interaction and analysis of customer experience have become a lot easier (Ashley Tuten, 2015). Scope The report highlights the consumer experience analysis and the social media marketing for mobile application fashion industry. In addition to this, it includes a critical literature review, research methodology along with findings and discussion points. It gives a brief detail regarding consumer experience analysis, social media marketing and mobile applications in the fashion industry. Critical Literature Review This section of the report gives an idea of the whole research plan, proposal and the approach. In addition to this, it contains a detailed analysis of the literature review, that is, the review of some available secondary data. The consumer behavior analysis and social media marketing of online shopping is thoroughly based on the articles and journals available on the internet. The study is based on the individual consumer experience regarding online shopping of apparels, accessories and others.The main aim of this report is to understand in great depth the usage of web based social media platforms, in order to promote the fashion industry globally (Brogi et al., 2013). Consumers look out for innovative and new methods for shopping. In this era of digital media, everything has become very easy, from booking cabs to ordering food, along with shopping online. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and others, help the mobile application fashion industry to promote themselves to a huge target market. Consumers get attracted to these tactics and end up buying from those online stores (CastronovoHuang, 2012). For instance; The Real Trial is an online site for shopping, which is an innovative business initiative located at Singapore. The business location offers easy accessibility and in turn helps in promoting the online products purchasing goals in the country. People can easily purchase their favorite products anytime and anywhere, as per their convenience (Chu, Kamal Kim, 2013). The company is purely technology based and helps customers order their favorite products and delivering those at their doorsteps. With the advent of digital media, people can purchase products, order food, book cabs anywhere and at any moment. Millions of customers shop their favorite products online. However, there are certain issues which arise due to this (Dahnil et al., 2014). Majority of the consumers face problems regarding the size, quality and design of the product. The Real Trial enterprise offer solutions to all these problems by enabling the consumers to view the product by resizing it. Moreover, it also has return policy for the customers who want to return their products after receiving it. It is important to define the problem first to the consumers, before moving to the next step of defining the solution (Halvorsen et al., 2013). The Real Trial enterprise makes sure that they solve the real problem to their customers, before presenting or defining the solution. It is i mportant to clearly define the problems which need to be solved. They have a unique option which enables the customers to upload their picture and place it on the product they like. This gives the customers a visual idea of how they will look in that particular product, without actually buying it. This helps the company in gaining their trust and faith (Chu, Kamal Kim, 2013). It is very important to know the target market for any business. The Real Trial enterprises target market is the online shoppers of any gender, age or interest. The website provides all items such as clothes, accessories, footwear, bags and more. The target market is divided into small groups or segments. They price each and every item, after having an idea of each segment to which the particular product is catering to (Kim Ko, 2012).Each and every business have competitors, be it small or big. The Real Trial has lots of competitors in the market which includes companies like Zalora, Lazarda and more. It is important to keep an eye on the competitors marketing approach and style. Customers prefer shopping on The Real Trial because of its unique feature of real life trial which other companies dont provide (KoMegehee, 2012). The Real Trial is a small business which does not require huge amount of investment. The companys expenses are mainly on the electricity, taxes, salaries and others. Digital marketing is done to aware more customers, which however requires comparatively higher investment but it also generates profit (Ko et al., 2012). The enterprise is adopting new and innovative strategies to cater more and more customers on the global platform. They are focusing on the social media platform to increase their popularity (KoMegehee, 2012). Research Methodology This section of the report explains about the various methods of research, which are available and applied in this study as well as their analysis for addressing the problems. They are directed towards the research topic, that is, the consumer analysis and social media marketing for mobile application in the fashion industry. Likewise, it also presents different procedures and strategies for identifying the problems or issues related to this topic. It provides detailed analysis of the usage of various social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and others, by online fashion industries in order to promote them on the long run (KontuVecchi, 2014). This chapter throws light on several research methods, which are used to establish this report, the design of the research, collection of data, description of this study, the methods and processes used for analyzing the references and the gathered data analysis. Qualitative research method is employed, which helped in getting underlying opinions, motivations and reasons. Survey and interview was no conducted due to limited time. However, secondary data collected from the online available theses and academic journals, helped in gaining useful insights. Multiple procedures are employed to this study, in order to examine the recent status of the usage of social media sites for marketing mobile application fashion industries, which includes the descriptive research methodology, ensuring that the study is quick and cheap as well. In addition to this, usage of qualitative analysis method has helped in the understanding of reasons, opinions and motivations, while providing a thorough insight into the problem along with some rich data. It has also helped in the development of opinions and ideas for the potential quantitative analysis of this study (Mohr, 2013). The research methodology required gathering relevant data from specified documents and compiling databases. Secondary data is collected through internet, review of existing literature, journals and research thesis related to the topic. The academic articles are referred and studied, for the detailed analysis of the topic and the interpretation of the data which are being collected from the articles. The report contains American Psychological Association or APA style of referencing. Findings This particular segment of the report consists of the findings through detailed research and analysis of the academic journals, theses and articles. The consumer behavior analysis is done on how social media marketing has helped them gain an idea regarding the mobile application fashion industry (Nadeem et al., 2015). In this era of social networking sites, people prefer communicating on computers, laptops, mobile phones or telecommunications first, instead of face to face. People prefer using the technology for shopping, ordering food, booking cabs, keeping in touch with others and more. Everything starts with the digital platforms and even ends with it. Ecommerce is a trend setter in the modern days. Companies like, Amazon and Alibaba use the most of the technology to sell their products all across the world (Ngai, Tao Moon, 2015). The companies have own many hearts, by sharing new updates on all the social media platforms. It helped them announcing their offers and product details, which in turn increases their sales. Moreover, ecommerce email marketing has helped them make the most number of customers out of it. It is the art of using the electronic mail to generate the sales for the stores. Furthermore, the companies 75-80% of the shopping revenue comes from mobile marketing or through mobile apps and that is huge in its own self (Okazaki Taylor, 2013). Majority of the companies have managed to develop a strong and matured customer base. They focus on more innovative trends in the industrial sectors, which help them grow and progress. The rising automation and interconnection helps in generating the necessary and important processes for optimizations.It has helped in satisfying more and more customers and their demands, in these extremely open and transparent markets (ztamurKarakad?lar,2014). Internet based communication and social media technologys concepts and strategies have also helped in taking care of the stakeholders interests within the value chain. Companies like, Amazon and Alibaba have managed to set a new bench mark by meeting the consumers growing demands and desires, with their huge range of products and variety of options to choose from (Paquette, 2013). Past research on this topic has concluded that the online brands should focus or concentrate more on keeping pace with the changing consumer demands along with the usage of social media channels (Pihl Sandstrm, 2013). Fashion industry marketers should market themselves in more attractive and crisp manner which incorporate their organizational aim and in turn motivates the consumers to purchase their items. Furthermore, few more innovative techniques must be applied in order to engage the consumers, particularly by experimentation, attractive picture selection or selective messages (SaravanakumarSugantha Lakshmi, 2012). Mobile marketing is also a new technique, where the target consumers receive personal messages on their mobile phones, regarding various offers and discounts. This makes the target customers feel special and the fashion applications can earn huge profit from these tactics (SchivinskiDabrowski, 2016). Based on their marketing strategies, it will create AWARENESS among the consumers. Good techniques of marketing and promotion would INTEREST the consumers. This will create a DESIRE of buying the product from that particular application. Lastly they will actively perform their ACTION, that is, buy that particular product. Therefore, it is very important to be careful while promoting a product, which helps in differentiating itself from the competitors (SaravanakumarSugantha Lakshmi, 2012). Innovative digital marketing strategies must be undertaken by the online fashion companies, as it can help in attracting the customers. They should promote themselves widely in all the platforms as well as social media platforms, like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and others to reach the maximum consumers as fast as possible. With the advent of digital marketing, it is very important to focus on that particular segment of marketing, in order to reach the global market (Schlinke Crain, 2013). It will prove to be beneficial for any online fashion company, by helping it reach a wide number of customers. It will help in creating brand awareness and image goals; this in turn will help the company grow. Moreover, it is crucial to understand thoroughly, the behavior of the target markets or consumers of the enterprise.Understanding the target markets or consumers will help the enterprise get an idea of what exactly their services or products would be and which sort of tactics would work the best (Simmons Becker Olsen, 2013). Discussion In modern days competitive environment of the business, implementation of social media marketing technology in consumer awareness and brand recognition, plays a very crucial part for the success of any company. Each and every company looks out for innovative ways to improve their marketing tactics and consumer base(SaravanakumarSugantha Lakshmi, 2012). They are upgrading their online marketing techniques or even implementing a new one in order to compete with the other companies. The implementation must be planned and strategically made, keeping in mind the pros and cons. Start-up companies or small businesses of apparel, accessories and others, tend to use this innovative platform in order to aware the consumers of their brand (Tuten Solomon, 2014). Consumers build a strong bond with anything which is self-expressive and which reflects their attachment with the brand. In an advertisement of baby products, say Johnson and Johnson, the baby-mother relationship is portrayed, which shares an emotional bond. Mothers of new born babies would attach themselves more with such advertisements (Wamba Carter, 2016). Experimentation with various brands and the way they are advertised lures the customers and helps in developing a wide variety of self-concepts. A consumers love for a brand is some attachment building process; it builds emotional dependency and anxiety. The more the consumers are attached to a particular brand, the more they are dependent on it(Simmons Becker Olsen, 2013). The use of right technology is considered to be a crucial part for any fashion industry, in order to improve their operations. With the advent of digital media, marketing has gone too far. Digital marketing can be done to reach the international customers very easily. Web technology helps in improving the business marketing and reach to the furthest corners across the world(ztamurKarakad?lar,2014). Online purchaseshelp any business, be it small or big, get international acclamation. However, online purchases should be tracked and checked on a regular basis, to keep a record on whether any customer is facing any kind of problem or not. Suggestions or feedback boxes on the social media platforms helps in understanding the consumers demands and desires(Tuten Solomon, 2014). Moreover, customers are also provided with lucrative opening offers and discounts in order to gain more and more attention. Online sites like Alibaba and Amazon uses these brilliant techniques, in order to promote th emselves on the social media sites. Ecommerce leader,Amazon now has the market value of 170 billion dollars, with 75-80% of online sales(Simmons Becker Olsen, 2013). Social media platformshave marked its contribution in the ecommerce industry. It has made online sellers easily sell their items to the customers, even at the furthest corners. It helps in handling and managing the products and its tracking. The whole procedure is carried in a very short time span and with great accuracy, taking care of each and every thing. Consumers behavior is recorded through feedback sections, where they can even rate and review the items they buy for the particular online site (Schlinke Crain, 2013). Moreover, consumers also receive information regarding the fashion weeks, like Lakme Fashion Week or Mercedes Benz Fashion Week and others. They can even comment on whether they liked the event or not. They are also given the opportunity to voice their opinion on what changes they would like the organizers to make(Pihl Sandstrm, 2013). Contributions: The report helps in understanding in depth, the behavior of the consumer and how they use social media to get an idea of the mobile application fashion industry. It helps in understanding the usage of social media platforms for the marketing and promotion of mobile applications. It gives detailed analysis the consume behavior regarding online shopping. Moreover, the report contains the differences in the behavior of the consumers, that is, how it changed with the advent of the mobile applications(Wamba Carter, 2016). Limitations: Analysis is purely on the basis of the items, which are available on the academic journals, internet and theses. The time was limited for the collection of data for this study. Survey and personal interviews could have established and supported the study more. The study was confined only to the consumer behavior analysis in terms of social media marketing regarding the mobile application fashion industry. Conclusion To conclude, consumers build a strong bond with anything which is self-expressive and which reflects their attachment with the brand.The recent developments in the social media help the customers to follow and anticipate the upcoming fashion styles and trends, even before the brands enter the offline market. Traditional promotion tools include the public relations and advertisements done by the companies, in order to reach to its customers. Public Relations help the fashion designer to interact with the publics and analyze their experience. With the advent of the social media, this interaction and analysis of customer experience have become a lot easier. Social media platforms have marked its contribution in the ecommerce industry. It has made online sellers easily sell their items to the customers, even at the furthest corners. It helps in handling and managing the products and its tracking. The whole procedure is carried in a very short time span and with great accuracy, taking care of each and every thing. Consumers behavior is recorded through feedback sections, where they can even rate and review the items they buy for the particular online site. Mobile marketing is also a new technique, where the target consumers receive personal messages on their mobile phones, regarding various offers and discounts. This makes the target customers feel special and the fashion applications can earn huge profit from these tactics. Therefore, from this study it can be concluded that social media has helped a lot to the online businesses enhancement. It has created various strategies in order to market the fashion applications on a huge way to attract as many customers as possible. References Andzulis, J. M., Panagopoulos, N. G., Rapp, A. (2012). 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Factors influencing SMEs adoption of social media marketing.Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences,148, 119-126. Halvorsen, K., Hoffmann, J., Coste-Manire, I., Stankeviciute, R. (2013). Can fashion blogs function as a marketing tool to influence consumer behavior? Evidence from Norway.Journal of Global Fashion Marketing,4(3), 211-224. Kim, A. J., Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand.Journal of Business Research,65(10), 1480-1486. Ko, E., Megehee, C. M. (2012). Fashion marketing of luxury brands: Recent research issues and contributions.Journal of Business Research,65(10), 1395-1398. Ko, E., Taylor, C. R., Sung, H., Lee, J., Wagner, U., Navarro, D. M. C., Wang, F. (2012). Global marketing segmentation usefulness in the sportswear industry.Journal of Business Research,65(11), 1565-1575. Kontu, H., Vecchi, A. (2014). Why all that noiseassessing the strategic value of social media for fashion brands.Journal of Global Fashion Marketing,5(3), 235-250. Mohr, I. (2013). The impact of social media on the fashion industry.The Journal of Applied Business and Economics,15(2), 17. Nadeem, W., Andreini, D., Salo, J., Laukkanen, T. (2015). Engaging consumers online through websites and social media: A gender study of Italian Generation Y clothing consumers.International Journal of Information Management,35(4), 432-442. Ngai, E. W., Tao, S. S., Moon, K. K. (2015). Social media research: Theories, constructs, and conceptual frameworks.International Journal of Information Management,35(1), 33-44. Okazaki, S., Taylor, C. R. (2013). Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions.International marketing review,30(1), 56-71. ztamur, D., Karakad?lar, ?. S. (2014). Exploring the role of social media for SMEs: as a new marketing strategy tool for the firm performance perspective.Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences,150, 511-520. Paquette, H. (2013). Social media as a marketing tool: A literature review. Pihl, C., Sandstrm, C. (2013). Value creation and appropriation in social mediathe case of fashion bloggers in Sweden.International Journal of Technology Management,61(3/4), 309-323. Saravanakumar, M., SuganthaLakshmi, T. (2012). Social media marketing.Life Science Journal,9(4), 4444-4451. Schivinski, B., Dabrowski, D. (2016). The effect of social media communication on consumer perceptions of brands.Journal of Marketing Communications,22(2), 189-214. Schlinke, J., Crain, S. (2013). Social media from an integrated marketing and compliance perspective.Journal of Financial Service Professionals,67(2). Simmons, C. J., Becker Olsen, K. L. (2013). Achieving marketing objectives through social sponsorships. American Marketing Association. Tuten, T. L., Solomon, M. R. (2014).Social media marketing. Sage. Wamba, S. F., Carter, L. (2016). Social media tools adoption and use by SMES: An empirical study. InSocial Media and Networking: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications(pp. 791-806). IGI Global.

ACT English Word Choice and Diction Errors

ACT English Word Choice and Diction Errors SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the trickier concepts that you will be tested on ACT English is your ability to choose the right word from among many that are not quite right, and to spot when words are being used incorrectly. Are you confident in your ability to find the differences in a group of similar words? Can you distinguish what’s needed from the context of a question? If you’re not so sure, read on to see how the ACT English will test you on this skill!In this post, I'll cover everything you need to know about these questions: What Does â€Å"Diction† Mean, Anyway? Diction is a fancy synonym forâ€Å"word choice† - you may have heard your literature teacher talk about itwhen analyzing a famous author’s writing style. On the ACT English, there are three main ways that word choice becomes important: recognizing commonly confused words understanding meaning in context recognizing idiomatic uses of phrases with prepositions This final topic is large enough thatwe have a whole separate article dedicated to it. But for the first two, let's lookat some example sentences that illustrate these concepts. There is nothing better then (1) waking up to the smell of freshly-brewed coffee. The exciting (2) smell really gets my blood pumping. 1. A. NO CHANGE B. better than C. better D. better to 2. A. NO CHANGE B. simulating C. dazzling D. stimulating Answers: 1. B; 2. D How did you do? These questions cover two of the most common types of diction errors that you will see on ACT English – commonly confused words and understanding meaning in context. Both of these test your ability to understand when a word is being used incorrectly. I’ll go into each of these question types in more detail below. But first, let’s talk about why ACT English has diction errors in the first place. Why Diction Errors? ACT English basically tests your ability to be an editor. The ACT wants to see if you can spot and correct errors in short passages. This skill is important for college level work, such as writing papers. Most of the ACT English questions focus on grammar, punctuation and style. By reading our guides or using another prep method, you can learn the various grammar rules that are important for being able to answer most of the questions on ACT English. With diction questions, the ACT is looking to see which students can also spot errors where you can’t apply your grammar rules. The only way you will know these answers is to understand the subtle differences between similar words. If you don’t think this task sounds too difficult, keep in mind that many students make diction errors all the time in their everyday speech and writing. The makers of the ACT know which words are most confusing for students, and focus on these when writing the test. So let’s start there – with the most commonly confused words that the ACT loves to test. The Most Common Diction Errors Some of the diction errors the ACT tests are random and therefore essentially impossibleto study for. However, the ACT writers havea couple of favorite errors, which usually appear at least once on every test. We'll go through these one at a time. THAN vs. THEN The first key concept for diction questionsis understanding the difference between â€Å"than† and â€Å"then.† Than is used to show a comparison. I am smarter than you are. He eats more rice than beans. Then is used for showing what happens next. First, she went to the store. Then, she went home. I want to eat my rice, then my beans. Pop Quiz! Look at the following pair of sentences. Can you tell which one is correct? I like blue Cornish cheese more then any other cheese in the world. I like blue Cornish cheese more than any other cheese in the world. Answer: the second is correct because the sentence shows a comparison - than is needed. How Should You Approach These Questions? Then/than errorsare pretty easy to spot and correct. When you see one of these words underlined, look at the rest of the sentence. If it is comparing something, use â€Å"than." If it is telling that one thing happened after another, use â€Å"then.† Let’s look back at the first question At the beginning of the article, I gave you the following question: There is nothing better thenwaking up to the smell of freshly-brewed coffee. A. No change B. better than C. better D. better to Now you can understand why the answer is (B) better than. The sentence shows a comparison (waking up and smelling coffee vs. waking up and doing anything else), so we need than. HAVE vs. OF The second most important diction pair to know is â€Å"have† and â€Å"of." The important distinction here is that â€Å"have† is a helping verb, while â€Å"of† is a preposition. If you see â€Å"of† being used as a helping verb, it will be incorrect! The #1 Rule for Have/Of: If you see could of, would/will of, should of, or might of: these are all INCORRECT. Instead they should be could HAVE, would/will HAVE, should HAVE, and might HAVE. This is one of those â€Å"everyday English† mistakes. In speaking, people tend to pronounceâ€Å"have† likeâ€Å"of† because it’s faster and easier to say. It also sounds a lot like our contractions â€Å"would’ve," â€Å"should’ve," etc. This has led some people to believe that â€Å"of† is actually the correct word to use in these circumstances - but it’s not! Let’s look at some examples: She would of preferred gorgonzola, but she got Cornish blue instead. INCORRECT She would have preferred gorgonzola, but she got Cornish blue instead. CORRECT "Would of" is always incorrect; "would have" is the correct replacement. How Should You Approach These Questions? Have/of questions should also be very easy to spot if you're looking for them. If you see of or have underlined, be ready to see a diction question. Remember that if you have would/will of, might of, should of, or could of, you can immediately cross out those answers. Choose an answer that replaces â€Å"of† with â€Å"have† and is also grammatically correct in the sentence. Let’s look at an example from the ACT. Dickinson’s last twenty years of letters many over 1,500 words in length reveals the breadth and depth of her connection to the world through a wide circle of correspondents. A. NO CHANGE B. reveal C. will of revealed D. would of revealed First thing we see in the answer choices are two answers that can automatically be crossed out, whichmakes our lives so much easier! Get rid of C and D, which both have the dreaded â€Å"of† construction. Now it’s a matter of differentiating between â€Å"reveals† and â€Å"reveal." At this point, you may notice that we are looking at a subject-verb agreement question. So we need to find what the subject is. Ask yourself: what is doing the revealing? It’s the â€Å"last twenty years of letters." When we cross out modifiers and the prepositional phrase, we get â€Å"last twenty years of letters." Now it’s obvious that â€Å"years† is the subject. Since â€Å"years† is a plural noun, we need the plural verb, which is â€Å"reveal." B is the answer. Other Easily Confused Words The ACT will rarely test other commonly-confused words. These questions are very difficult to predict because they happen quite infrequently. I have included a list of commonly confused words at the end of this article. Try reading through them and see if there are any that surprise you or that you didn’t know. If so, it wouldn’t hurt to make sure you have these down before you take the test. But don’t bother spending a lot of time worrying about this list. The ACT will rarely test this kind of question, so it’s really not worth stressing out over. You will most often see these commonly confused words in the context of our next type of question, which is†¦. Understanding Word Meaning in Context Instead of using really tricky commonly confused words, the ACT usually uses fairly common words with similar meanings, and asks you to choose which one is best for the sentence. This can be tricky because you have to really think about what the differences are between the different words that you're given, and also understand what the sentence needs in order to most correctly complete it. Let’s look at an example of this type of problem from the ACT: Many people might be surprised to learn that the American way of computing a person’s age differs from the traditional Korean way. In Korean tradition, a person is considered to be already one year old at the time of his or her birth. As a child growing up in two cultures, I found this contest a bit confusing. When I was in the fifth grade, was I ten or eleven years old? A.NO CHANGE B. change C. dispute D. difference This example shows how the ACT uses relatively simple words to try to trick you. You are probably familiar with all of the words in the answer choices, so let’s look at them closely to see which one best fits the sentence. All of the words here imply some sort of contrast or conflict, but in very different ways. Let’s start with the given word, â€Å"contest." A contest implies some form of formal competition between two things. Though the author says that there are differences between American and Korean age counting traditions, he doesn’t imply that they were actually in competition with each other. So (A) is out. Let’s look at (B). â€Å"Change† implies that something was one way, and then became another way. This doesn’t work because these traditions haven’t changed from one to the other - they were just different to begin with. So (B) is out. (C) is quite similar to (A), in that â€Å"dispute," like â€Å"contest," shows a direct conflict between two things. Again, this doesn’t really work because the two traditions aren’t actually competing with each other. That leaves us with (D), which is the only answer that makes sense. As we’ve said, the two traditions aren’t having a fight; they contrast simply because they have different characteristics. That means that (D), â€Å"differences," is the most appropriate answer. How Should You Approach These Questions? The meaning in context questions are definitely the trickiest of the diction questions. To spot them, look for questions that have an underlined word and answer choices that are completely different words, but are loosely related in meaning. First, read through the sentence. Try to place a word of your own in the spot of the underlined word. Now look at the answer choices. Though they will be slightly similar words, they will have different meanings. Which of them can have the meaning most like the word you put into the sentence? Choose that as the answer. Let’s look at this example from the ACT and use the above strategy to answer it. Perhaps the celebration of New Year’s Day in Korean culture is heightened because it is thought of as everyone’s birthday party. A. NO CHANGE B. raised C. lifted D. lighted First, let’s read through the sentence and try to see what should go in the blank. â€Å"Perhaps the celebration of New Year’s Day in Korean culture is _______ because it is thought of as everyone’s birthday party.† Something along the lines of â€Å"made more important† makes sense here. So which word could mean that? You’ll notice that almost all the words imply going up in one way or another - this is how the ACT is trying to trick you. But in the right context, one of them can also mean showing greater importance. â€Å"Raised† and â€Å"lifted† both refer to physically moving something up (unless they are paired with other words - not the case here). So (B) and (C) are out. â€Å"Lighted† is thrown in here to trick you and is quite different to the others - its means something has been made lighter, as in the opposite of darker. It doesn’t work at all, so (D) is out. Therefore the best word is the one the sentence started out with. If you look up â€Å"heighten†, you will see it can mean to physically raise something up, but it can also mean to make something more intense or significant, which is close to the original idea we came up with, which was making something more important. Looking Back The second question I gave you about smelling coffee in the morning had one of these meaning in context errors. Take a second look at the question. Though the answer choices are all vaguely related – they all imply something that excites or surprises in some way – the correct answer is â€Å"stimulating†. This is the only word that really implies something that helps wake you up, which is what is needed to correctly complete the sentence. Quick Recap To summarize, here are the key strategies you need to use to master diction questions on ACT English: â€Å"Of† used as a helping verb (would of, should of) is always incorrect. Choose an answer that replaces it with â€Å"have." Use â€Å"than† for sentences with comparisons. Use â€Å"then† to show one thing happening after another. When you see a meaning in context question, first read through the sentence and mentally replace the word with one that makes sense in the sentence. Choose the answer that comes closest to the word you used. Now It’s Your Turn! Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. For the past twelve years, Khoubbane has been the unassuming leader of a unique (1) culinary movement in Morocco: creating and distributing a variety of high-quality cheeses throughout the country He slices a small piece off the outer edge of the wheel. A fine dusting of white mold already covers the cheese. The flavor is intense and creamy, with just a hint of the tang that will of developed (2) over the next five months with only Khoubbane's watchful eye and sensible (3) palate to determine when it has finished maturing. It is an unexpected undertaking for the 56 year old. Cheese, as the western world knows it, is unpopular in Morocco. "Moroccans don't eat smelly things," he says with a shrug. "There is less love for cheese here then in (4) France or Italy." This attitude is slowly changing, thanks to Khoubbane. His success, he says, has been due to the fact that he has viewed the process as a labor of love, rather than a business adventure.(5) A. NO CHANGE B. single C. differentiated D. specified A. NO CHANGE B. would of developed C. will develop D. develops A. NO CHANGE B. sensitive C. emotional D. touchy A. NO CHANGE B. then between C. than in D. than between A. NO CHANGE B. venture C. advantage D. process 1. A; 2. C; B.; 4. C; 5. B List of Commonly Confused Words WORD MEANING WORD MEANING accept to receive, take except excluding access entrance; opportunity excess more than needed addition something added edition a certain production of something adopt to legally take on, accept adapt to change to be more suitable advice a recommendation advise to give a recommendation adverse bad; unfavorable averse opposed to affect to influence effect a result afflict to cause suffering inflict to force something harmful aisle space between rows isle island allude to make an indirect reference elude to avoid allusion an indirect reference illusion a false idea or vision already happened before now all ready to be entirely prepared altar table for religious ceremony alter to change altogether completely; entirely all together all things with each other a lot a large number of something allot to give out an amount of something ambivalent to have two different feelings about something ambiguous having more than one possible meaning amoral having no sense or right and wrong immoral having intentionally bad morals anecdote ashort personal story antidote a substance or activity that stops something bad angel a spiritual creature angle space between intersecting lines measured in degrees apart separated, into pieces a part a piece of something appraise to examine and judge apprise to tell someone of something are 3rd person plural of â€Å"to be† our belonging to us accent how someone pronounces words ascent movement up assent agreement/approval assistance help assistants helpers attribute a quality/characteristic contribute to give something auditory related to hearing audible able to be heard aural related to hearing oral spoken, or related to the mouth balmy pleasantly warm barmy crazy or silly bare not covered bear to carry or accept something bated in suspense, excited baited to harass (past tense) bazaar a market bizarre very strange and surprising berth a bed on a boat/train birth time when a baby is born beside next to something besides in addition to something boar a wild pig bore a dull person board a long, flat piece of wood bored feeling uninterested born to have been birthed borne carried bough a large branch of a tree bow bend upper body forward breath air that comes from lunch breathe to take air in and out brake part of a vehicle that stops it break to separate into pieces buy to purchase by shows a person who does something canvas a strong cloth canvass to ask people their opinions censure to criticize formally censor to remove offensive things from public capital city where government is based,ormoney capitol state legislature building choose to decide or pick chose past tense of choose climactic an important or exciting time climatic relating to the weather coarse rough and thick course a series of lessons collaborate to work together corroborate to provide supporting information command to order commend to praise complacent feeling you don’t need to try hard complaisant willingness to please others complement something that goes well with something else compliment saying something to show praise comprehensive thorough comprehensible easy to understand conscience the part of you that makes you feel guilty conscious aware; awake contemptuous showing contempt contemptible extremely bad corps a group of people or military force corpse a dead body council an elected group of people counsel to give advice credible able to be believed credulous gullible dairy milk products diary a book of personal thoughts descent a movement down dissent disagreement desirous wanting something desirable attractive dessert sweet food desert hot, dry area device equipment used for a particular purpose devise to design or invent something discreet secretive discrete separate and different disinterested impartial uninterested not interested do a helping verb dew drops of water due expected or planned dominant most important or wanting control dominate to control or have power over die to stop living dye substance used to change color dyeing to change the color of dying present participle of â€Å"die† elicit to get info or a reaction from someone illicit not legal eminent respected imminent about to happen immanent permanent part of something emit to send out gas/heat/light omit exclude envelop cover something envelope what letters go in everyday commonplace every day each day exhaustive comprehensive exhausting tiring expandable gets bigger expendable non-essential explicit clear, detailed implicit implied or suggested fair reasonable fare cost farther more distant (physical distance) further more flaunt exaggerate flout intentionally break the rules formally properly formerly before foreboding apprehension or anxiety forbidding unfriendly or hostile forth forwards fourth first, second, third†¦.. gorilla large monkey guerrilla unofficial military group hear percieving sound here in this place or moment heard percieved sound (past tense of hear) herd flock/gaggle/group hoard collect/store horde large group hole hollow space in something whole complete human people/person humane kind implicit implied or suggested complicit involved in imply suggest implicate suggest someone is involved in something infer guess something based on the information you have incur cause unpleasant consequences to oneself occur to happen indeterminate uncertain or unclear interminable lasting a long time, in a boring way influence impact affluence wealth ingenious really clever ingenuous innocent and trusting its belongs to it’s it is knew past tense of "know" new not old know to be aware of something no a denial laid past tense of lay lain past tense of lie later occuring further along in time latter near the end of a period lay to put something down lie to recline horizontally lead to take charge led had taken charge lessen to reduce or decrease lesson what a teacher teaches lightning weather lightening becoming lighter or brighter loose not tight lose to not win maybe an adverb that means "perhaps" may be a verb phrase indicating that something could happen but is not certain meat flesh meet assemble mete administer a punishment metal hard, shiny substance medal metal object given as a prize mettle courage, strength, or fortitude miner someone who works in a mine minor not important; underageperson moral right and wrongs morale confidence level in the success of an endeavor passed to go by something; alternatively, to qualify past something that’s happened before now patience to stay calm patients sick people peace tranquility piece a part of peak the top peek a quick look pique annoyance pedal foot operated part of machine petal part of a flower peddle to sell perpetrate do something bad perpetuate to sustain or preserve something personal relating to a person personnel staff persecute oppress or abuse prosecute to take legal action against someone perspective viewpoint prospective potential buyer, or applying to the future plain ordinary, unremarkable plane flying vehicle pore small hole, esp. in the skin pour make liquid flow from a container precede to happen before something else proceed to go forward precedent an example or model president the head of prescribe recommend or authorize medical treatment proscribe to forbid presence being in a place presents gifts principal most important principle fundamental rule quiet no noise quite completely rain precipitation reign to rule rein straps that control a horse raise to lift raze completely destroy rational reasonable rationale the reason reluctant unwilling reticent saying little about what you feel respectfully showing respect respectively in the same order reverend Christian official reverent showing respect right correct rite traditional religious ceremony write produce words road surface built for vehicles rode to have ridden scene location or site seen to have looked sense feeling or awareness of something; one of the 5 senses since between the past and now; because sensible practical or realistic sensitive delicate; responsive sensory connected to the physical senses sight vision site a place cite mention something as proof simulate to mimic stimulate to activate or energize a process stationary unmoving; still stationery office supplies, esp. paper straight not curved strait narrow waterway or channel connecting two bodies of water suppose assume or presume supposed to expected to do something taught educated, instructed taut stretched very tight than used to compare two things then at that time their belongs to them there at that place or location they’re they are through from one end to the other threw to have thrown thorough completely to preposition used to describe a definition or identify the object of something too as well as two comes after one track narrow path tract large area of land visual relating to seeing visible able to seen waist around the middle of your body waste a bad use of something waive give up or cede wave move hand from side to side weak not strong week 7 days weather conditions in the air above the earth (wind, rain etc) whether if, or not wether a castrated ram where to, at, or in what place were past tense of "to be" which determining pronoun witch woman with magical powers whose pronoun identifying what belongs to someone who’s who is your belonging to you you’re you are yore a long time ago What’s Next? Now that you know how to tackle one of the trickier subjects on the ACT English, try another: here is how to take on idioms on the ACT. Not sure what else you’ll be up against? Here is a full breakdown of what you will find on ACT English. Aiming high? Here are some top tips to get a 36 on ACT English. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this English lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Free Essays on Literary Analysis On “A Rose For Emily“

â€Å"A Rose for Emily†: Battle of the Sexes In his short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† William Faulkner relates to the reader the life of Emily Grierson, a remnant of the past. The narrator of the story relates the mystery and intrigue that surrounds the events of Miss Emily’s life. As her story unfolds, Faulkner depicts the thoughts that the townspeople have about her and her actions. It is quickly evident that the author makes distinctions between the sexes in this story. As the townspeople interact with and react to Miss Emily, a clear characterization of the males and females emerges. Faulkner portrays the men in the story as admirable, respectful, polite, and well mannered and portrays the women as nosey, interfering, unkind, gullible, and gossipy. Faulkner’s treatment of the male in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is quite complimentary. From the very beginning of the story the male is presented as admirable. In the first sentence of the story, Faulkner writes that the men go to the funeral â€Å"out of respectful affection for a fallen monument† (87). They attend this funeral for honorable reasons. Obviously, they have a great respect for Miss Emily’s family and felt that they should pay their respects upon her death. The men also demonstrate this respect when they handle the situation with Miss Emily’s taxes. They expect her to pay the taxes, but they are very patient and respectful in their dealings with her on this manner. When they mail a tax notice and receive no reply, they mail a formal letter. When this fails, the mayor writes â€Å"offering to call or to send his car for her†(88). This surely is not customary but the men give Miss Emily nothing but respect. In addition to very respectful, the men of the town are always polite and well mannered when dealing with Miss Emily. When the townspeople become concerned about the smell around Miss Emily’s house, complaints come from both males and females alike. The males’... Free Essays on Literary Analysis On â€Å"A Rose For Emilyâ€Å" Free Essays on Literary Analysis On â€Å"A Rose For Emilyâ€Å" â€Å"A Rose for Emily†: Battle of the Sexes In his short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† William Faulkner relates to the reader the life of Emily Grierson, a remnant of the past. The narrator of the story relates the mystery and intrigue that surrounds the events of Miss Emily’s life. As her story unfolds, Faulkner depicts the thoughts that the townspeople have about her and her actions. It is quickly evident that the author makes distinctions between the sexes in this story. As the townspeople interact with and react to Miss Emily, a clear characterization of the males and females emerges. Faulkner portrays the men in the story as admirable, respectful, polite, and well mannered and portrays the women as nosey, interfering, unkind, gullible, and gossipy. Faulkner’s treatment of the male in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is quite complimentary. From the very beginning of the story the male is presented as admirable. In the first sentence of the story, Faulkner writes that the men go to the funeral â€Å"out of respectful affection for a fallen monument† (87). They attend this funeral for honorable reasons. Obviously, they have a great respect for Miss Emily’s family and felt that they should pay their respects upon her death. The men also demonstrate this respect when they handle the situation with Miss Emily’s taxes. They expect her to pay the taxes, but they are very patient and respectful in their dealings with her on this manner. When they mail a tax notice and receive no reply, they mail a formal letter. When this fails, the mayor writes â€Å"offering to call or to send his car for her†(88). This surely is not customary but the men give Miss Emily nothing but respect. In addition to very respectful, the men of the town are always polite and well mannered when dealing with Miss Emily. When the townspeople become concerned about the smell around Miss Emily’s house, complaints come from both males and females alike. The males’...

Is there such thing as a normal sexual orientation Essay

Is there such thing as a normal sexual orientation - Essay Example Traditional perception of sexuality takes it origins from the ancient times. Ruse (1988) implies that Ancient Greeks and Jews were the groups who were primarily influential on the morality of modern civilization. However, over the matter of sexual orientation, Greek and Jewish thoughts enter the conflict, and it is often the Jewish tradition that proves triumphant. As a result, people’s perception that the â€Å"normal† sexual orientation is heterosexuality has long since become tradition. This essay will argue that in spite of traditional views against homosexuality and bisexuality, there is no such thing as a normal sexual orientation. It will further conclude that heterosexuality as a sexual orientation is a socially constructed view. On the one side, there are several factors that prove the existence of the concept of normal sexual orientation. Firstly, the religious way of looking at sexuality forbids any homosexual acts. For example, Magonet (1995) notes that Juda ism, as one of the oldest monotheistic religions, considers homosexual acts as a â€Å"halakha† (which means a violation of traditional Jewish law). In addition, Hertzberg (1991) implied that The Torah forbids the act of homosexuality, which is known as mishkav zakhar, and considers a homosexual act between two men to be an abhorrent thing (which is known as to’evah), and is punishable by death—a strong prohibition. Likewise, Islam regards homosexuality as a sin and a vast deviation from the norm: "We also sent Lut: He said to his people: ‘Do ye commit lewdness such as no people in creation (ever) committed before you? For ye practice your lusts on men in preference to women: ye are indeed a people transgressing beyond bounds. Quran 7:80-81)’†. Moreover, according to a pamphlet produced by Al-Fatiha, there is a consensus among Islamic scholars that all humans are naturally heterosexual. All Islamic schools of thought and jurisprudence consider gay acts to be unlawful and sinful (Habib, 2010). Like Judaism and Islam, Christianity also does not accept homosexuality, and considers it is an illicit lust that is forbidden by God. He said to His people of Israel, "Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is abomination (Leviticus 18:22).† "If a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them (Leviticus 20:13).† In these passages from The Old Testament of the Bible, homosexuality is condemned and shown as a prime example of a sin, a sexual perversion. A Christian can neither alter God's viewpoint nor depart from it (Boswell, 1980). They may believe otherwise, but this does not change how Christianity as a whole views homosexuality. From the scientific perspective, sex is made for reproduction and a male and female’s genitals are designed to mate with one another. Arguments from biol ogy have proven to be very powerful in maintaining heterosexual relations. The anatomical construction of genitalia is a great necessity for heterosexual relations. It is not possible to create future generations without heterosexual relations between genders not only for human being, but also for animal species. For example, Kant, in his Lectures of Ethics, argues that homosexuality is unnatural in that it "degrades mankind below the level of animals, for no animal turns in this way from its own

Foster Adoption Agency Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Foster Adoption Agency - Research Proposal Example The intention of starting the organization was to offer a coordinating body that would link the needy children to the adopting firms or the personalities. Concerning the organization’s qualification to handle the work, the founder has relevant educational qualification and experience in child protection. In addition, the management staff consists of people with impeccable knowledge and dedication to serve the purpose. Therefore, they are at a position to carry out the activities relating to adoption more effectively. The founder of the organization together with other co-founders noticed that there was a vacuum between the needy children and the firms and personalities adopting children. Thus, the decision to start the organization was based on the desire to fill this vacuum, and offer the necessary vacuum to those seeking such services. However, due to financial limitations, the company opted to request for grant from California Community Foundation, to facilitate its activities. The founder had contributed $ 6,000, received grants amounting to $ 2,000 from the government. Therefore, in order to fill the budget deficit, the organization has requested $ 12, 000 from California Community Foundation, which was started with the sole objective of enhancing development for the whole community. Foster Adoption Agency is an organization that will be managed by experts in child health, and those who are knowledgeable in laws governing child protection. The founder has a Master’s Degree in child rights and protection, thus best placed to mange such a sensitive organization. Moreover, the people to manage the task of child transfers and coordinate the activities of the organization have proved that they have passion for children and would do everything to make sure that they are safe wherever they are taken (Zimmerman, 1994). Sometimes, the organization would request the involvement of the

Translation of MRNA to Proteins Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Translation of MRNA to Proteins - Essay Example This include the A(amino acid) site, where the aminoacyl-tRNA anticodon base combine with the mRNA codon ensuring the actual amino acid is included in the growing polypeptide chain. The second site is the P (polypeptide) site where the amino acid is moved from its TRNA to the growing chain of polypeptide. The third site is the E (exit) site where the empty TRNA stays before it is released back to the cytoplasm to combine with another amino acid and the process is repeated (Clancy and William, 2008). The next phase in the translation process is the elongation phase. In this phase, the ribosome moves with the mRNA in a direction referred to 5’ to 3’ direction, which needs the elongation factor G. The tRNA that corresponds to the second codon bids to the site A, a step that requires the guanosine triphosphate (GTP), which provides energy for the process and the elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-Ts. After the TRNA- amino acid complex is in site A, GTP is broken down to form guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and released together with EF-Tu so as to be recycled by Elongation factor EF-Ts for the next process (Clancy and William, 2008). The next process is the formation of peptide bonds between the first and second adjacent amino acid through the activity of peptidyl transferase. Once the peptide bond is formed, the ribosome translocates causing the tRNA to occupy the E site. The tRNA is released to the cytoplasm to combine with another amino acid. Additionally, the site A remains empty and is ready to accept the mRNA for the next codon. This process occurs repeatedly until all the codons in the mRNA are read by the TRNA molecules, and the amino acids attached to the tRNA are joined to the chain of the growing polypeptide in the appropriate order. As soon as this takes place, translation process is terminated; the nascent protein is released from the ribosome and the mRNA (Clancy and William,

Benefits of Evidence Based Healthcare Practice

Benefits of Evidence Based Healthcare Practice Evidence based practice refers to clinical practices that include best available scientific evidence (Levin and Feldman, 2006) based from expert opinion, clinical guidelines and findings from researches, combined with good clinician judgement and client’s preferences (Kim and Mallory, 2011) on issues relating to healthcare. The whole essence is to ensure the best care for patients and to be able to explain why certain clinical interventions are applied. This piece of work will briefly outline the importance of evidence based practice before analysing four pieces of evidence in the care of a stroke patient, Omar Banerjee, and its usefulness other users. Oman et al (2003) states that evidence based practice started to be appreciated and recommended by the National Health Services (NHS) in the UK in the early 1990s. The reason was to have effective and less costly interventions while providing high quality healthcare system. The intervention should be based on best available evidence and provided in the best interest of the patient such as Omar in this analysis. In addition, when a particular intervention is used on a client, evidence is required to back up that particular action (Kim and Mallory, 2011). In the UK this support can come from the NICE guidelines, Care Quality Commission and the codes and practices of professional bodies like Nursing and Midwifery Council. Evidence based practice ensures accountability. Aveyard and Sharp (2013) noted that professional health carers who belong to various professional organisations are expected to comply with their standards, codes and policies. This will be enabling them to justify their actions if required to do so. The first analysis of Omar’s condition is based on Cross (2008)’s evidence on stroke care. This evidence was obtained from the UWE blackboard website. I have chosen this article because it has statistical information helpful to Omar and his carers. It identifies important areas of his care needs and why stroke research should continue to be an on-going process. Sander (2013) defined stroke as a disease caused by the disturbance of the flow of blood in blood vessels in the brain which could have been necessitated by a bursting blood vessel or blood clot. Omar’s stroke was caused by a blood clot in the brain. Stroke has become a big problem and the second main cause of death and disability in developed economies after heart related diseases (Cross, 2008). Sander (2013) emphasises out that stroke is affecting about 150, 000 people in the UK yearly. However, the article reports a decline in deaths because of improvements in stroke care, management and awareness. More resources have been put towards short to long term care of stroke patients such as admission to acute stroke units and to rehabilitation areas (Cross, 2008). The report says this evidence, among others, is being used to develop new stroke treatments and guidelines in the UK. NICE (2008) which provides tools and quick reference guide to stroke related cases could have emerged as a result of this. These developments may give hope to Omar and his distressed family. The article cited two evidence of good practice from two hospitals. It is reported that the stroke management team at Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust assess stroke patients on admission to the AE, take brain scans and admit relevant patients to a stroke unit within 24 hours. The other evidence is from Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust where patients have brain scans, swallow screens and initial dose of aspirin given to relevant patients. These practices are recommended by NICE (2008) guidelines and may reduce further risks to patients. Omar received these interventions. This shows the strength of this article to Omar’s case and how early intervention may result in positive outcome. Although the article stressed the need for nurses to continuously monitor patients during the early stages of stroke on certain variables, it did not provide guidelines to back up the checks. Locally agreed hospital policies suggested may not meet NICE standards. Despite the improvements noted in the research, caution should be taken when making decisions based on the findings. These are 2008 findings and a lot has happened since then. Omar may be interested in hearing recent studies such as that of Sander (2013) who points out that in addition to the swallow screen stroke patients should further be screened for malnutrition using Malnutrition Universal screening Tool (MUST) in line with the NICE (2008) guidelines. The second analysis of Omar’s care is based on a qualitative study of Tutton et al (2012) on ten staff and ten patients’ views on the concept of hope on a British stroke unit. The evidence was obtained from EBSCO via CINAHL database and UWE library section. I chose this evidence because CINAHL is considered as one the good sources of evidence (Levin and Feldman, 2006) and the concept may be useful to Omar to learn other patients’ experiences in a similar hospital setting. The aim and key search terms in the article relate well to Omar’s case. Hope is defined as getting better from illness and being able to do things as before (Tutton et al, 2011). This was echoed by some of the patients in the study. An in depth analysis of key terms and the codes used in qualitative study (Aveyard and Sharp, 2013) may help carers to understand how it feel to have a stroke. Omar and his family may share the same thoughts as they are finding it hard to come to terms with sudden change of things in their family. Despite taking long time on data collection and variations in stroke severity Omar may be encouraged to learn that some patients took less than a week in hospital. This result is echoed by Arnaert et al (2006) in a similar study based on ten patients in Canada. They reported that some clients were hoping for a quick recovery and self-healing. The article is good evidence as it stated what is already known about this topic and nursing implications. These aspects are echoed by Arnaert et al (2006) but Tutton et al (2011) further identify what the paper has added such as the multidisciplinary team involvement in caring for stroke patients to make hope a realistic thing. Although the article mentioned that consent was obtained from both participants, there are still some ethical issues in the article. Some of patients’ names are mentioned in the article. This is confidential information and Omar may find himself in a similar situation. Furthermore, relatives and carers of patients were not interviewed in the study. It may be necessary to hear their views as well especially after learning from Preeti how she was struggling to come to terms with Omar’s condition. Her understanding of hope would improve our knowledge on this aspect. It is generally accepted that qualitative evidence is ranked second from the bottom in the hierarch of evidence (Polit and Beck, 2012) and uses a small sample size for the purpose of in-depth analysis of topic under consideration (Aveyard and Sharp, 2013). Although a large sample size may be costly and time consuming, caution must be taken when making inferences on large population size like 150, 000 patients mentioned earlier. A third analysis of Omar’s care considers service audit and evaluation evidence from Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) (2013). It is a national audit on stroke patients admitted to hospital in the first three months of 2013. The research looks at the processes of care at early stages of stroke (72 hours) from hospital arrival. I have chosen this evidence because SSNAP is a nationally recognised organisation and works with other organisations in stroke related cases. Its recent results obtainable through Google, SSNAP Audit Report (2012) and Royal College of Physicians links have strong implications on Omar’s condition. SSNAP (2013) results show the importance of using guidelines in any intervention involving stroke cases. There is strong evidence in the article that stroke patients were immediately taken for brain scans and admitted to the stroke units, as in the case of Omar, upon arriving hospital. This is in line with NICE (2008) guidelines. Most of the trusts were able to meet this standard. However, it is worrying to learn that there is a lower chance of having scan during the weekend and night times, the time of the week when Omar experienced the stroke. NICE (2012) guidelines stipulate that people who have had TIA should have first dose aspirin upon initial assessment. Although Omar received one, the outcome in the report is not very pleasing. It is clear from the research that this standard was not met by all trust as there are huge variations. The research was only focused on 72 hours upon hospital arrival. It may benefit the public and give confidence to Omar if the care he received from the ambulance crew were up to standards. NICE (2012) guidelines require people suspected to have had stroke to be screened using a FAST tool. There are no statistics regarding this in the article as the research excluded time before hospital arrival and the rehabilitation. This information may enlighten the public the importance of early intervention in stroke care. This evidence is not peer reviewed and the way data was collected is of concern. Because the SSNAP is a single source of data nationally (Paley et al, 2013) and an online web-tool was used to gather information one may wonder whether variations in results may appear if a different organisation undertakes the same research. Caution should be applied when interpreting this data. The audit results stress the importance of early intervention by multidisciplinary stroke team in the care of stroke patients. However, there are some areas that require attention if the all standards are to be fully met. The final analysis of Omar’s care is based on quantitative study by Beavan et al (2010) on whether looped nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding improves nutritional delivery to acute stoke patients with dysphagia. The evidence was obtained from UWE blackboard website. I chose this evidence because the intervention, tube feeding, helps to resolve Omar’s swallowing difficulties and improve nutritional needs. The research helps in answering questions on whether there are other alternatives and any effects associated with the intervention. The research was necessitated by the poor nutrition on patients on admission to hospital and the dislodgement associated with adhesive nasal stickers. Findings from the research reported more benefits in using the loop system than the other method. Some of the benefits include fewer checks for NGT position, less supplementary feeds required, more volume of fluids and feeds and less dislodgement of NGTs. This is vital information to Omar as it highlights why the intervention is used. However, the costs were seen to be high for the two week period. It is important to explain to Omar that studies of this nature are useful and commonly used in clinical interventions. It is a view shared by many authors like Polit and Beck (2012) and Aveyard and Sharp (2013). They rank randomised controlled trials as second best on the hierarch of evidence after systematic reviews and meta-analysis. There are some ethical issues regarding the funding for the research. Procare Ltd supplied the loops. The researchers stressed that it was not involved in any logistics or interpretation of the results, but one may wonder why the loops were sold at a bulk price. Could this have resulted in a discount? If the answer is yes then it is likely that the costs could be higher than the reported one. In addition, the aspect of tolerability was mainly based on the views of nurses and family members. Although it is understandable that most of the patients were having communication problems, the number of patients unable to communicate is alarming to the extent that caution is required when using this evidence. The study was done some years ago and the results published in 2010. A number of changes may have happened since then. Omar will be susceptible on why using such an old piece of evidence. Recent research results may be easier to convince Omar and his family than old results. To sum up, stroke is a major disease affecting many people and causing disabilities among survivors. Any nursing intervention will require evidence to back up. Four sources of evidence have been analysed in relation to Omar, a stroke patient. The strengths and weaknesses associated with each of this evidence will enable any intervention in Omar’s care to be made in rationale way and to his best interest. WORDS: 2 089 Reference Aveyard, H. and Sharp, P. (2013) A Beginner’s Guide to Evidence-Based Practice in Health and Social Care, 2nd ed. Berkshire: Open University Press. Kim, M. and Mallory, C. (2011) Statistics for Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing, Burlington: Jones and Bartlett Learning. Oman, K.S., Krugman, M.E. and Fink, R. M. (2003) Nursing Research Secrets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Hanley and Belfus. Pilot, D. F. and Beck, C.T. (2012) Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice, 9th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Levin, R. F. and Feldman, H. R. (2006) Teaching Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing: A Guide for Academic and Clinical Settings, New York: Springer Publishing Company. Arnaert, A., Filteau, N. and Sourial, R. (2006) Stroke Patients in the Acute Care Phase: Role of Hope in Self-healing [online]. 20 (3), pp137-146. [Accessed 14 November 2013] Beavan, J., Conroy, S.P., Harwood, R., Gladman, J.R.F., Leonardi-Bee, J., Sach, T., Bowling, T., Sunman, W. and Gaynor, C. (2010) Does looped nasogastric tube feeding improve nutritional delivery for patients with dysphagia after acute stroke? A randomised controlled trial. Available from: https://blackboard.uwe.ac.uk/bbcswebdav/pid-3425495-dt-content-rid-4569416_2/courses/UZWSN3-15-1_13oct_gl_feb14_1/Tube%20feeding%20after%20stroke%20RCT.pdf [Accessed on 19 November 2013] Cross, S. (2008) Stroke care: a nursing perspective. Nursing Standard. 22 (23), pp 47-56. Available from: https://blackboard.uwe.ac.uk/bbcswebdav/pid-3473085-dt-content-rid-4709333_2/xid-4709333-2 [Accessed on 29 October 2013] National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2008) Audit support (NICE clinical guideline 68 – Stroke) Available from: https://blackboard.uwe.ac.uk/bbcwebdav/pid-3461610-dt-content-rid-4659555_2/xid-4659555_2 [Accessed 12 November 2013] NICE (2008) Understanding NICE guidance: Early assessment and treatment of people who have had a stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) Available from: www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/cg68publicinfo.pdf [Accessed on 01 December 2013] Paley, L., Campbell, J., Hoffman, A. and Rudd, (2013) Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP): Clinical audit first pilot public report, National results. Available from: www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ssnap_pilot_national_report_january_-_march_2013_admissions_with_appendices_.pdf [Accessed on 11 December 2013] Pale, L., Campbell, J., Hoffman, A. and Rudd, (2013) Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP): Clinical audit first pilot public report, National results. Available from: www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ssnap_pilot_national_report_january_-_march_2013_admissions_with_appendices_.pdf [Accessed on 11 December 2013] Sander, R. (2013) Prevention and treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Nursing Older People [online]. 25 (8), pp 34-38. [Accessed on 4 December 2013]. Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) (2012) Acute organisational audit report: Public Report for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Available from: http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ssnap_acute_organisational_audit_-_public_report_2012_0.pdf [Accessed 12 November 2013] Tutton, E., Seers, K., Langstaff, D. and Westwood, M. (2011) Staff and patient views of the concept of hope on a stroke unit: a qualitative study [online]. 68 (9), pp 2061-2069. [Accessed 14 November 2013] 1